Category: Insights

Chief Investment Officer recently interviewed TIFF Managing Director, Client CIO Group, Anne Duggan, for a piece discussing her research on university endowment performance in FY25. She shared her expertise, adding that “this year was unique, in that both risk and safety net assets had solid positive performance.”

Read the full article here

The materials are being provided for informational purposes only and constitute neither an offer to sell nor a solicitation of an offer to buy securities. These materials also do not constitute an offer or advertisement of TIFF’s investment advisory services or investment, legal or tax advice. Opinions expressed herein are those of TIFF and are not a recommendation to buy or sell any securities.

These materials may contain forward-looking statements relating to future events. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” or “continue,” the negative of such terms or other comparable terminology. Although TIFF believes the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, future results cannot be guaranteed.

TIFF held Impact Day on Tuesday, November 4, 2026, bringing our team together for a series of inspiring conversations with leaders across sectors — from technology and education to philanthropy and conservation. The day underscored TIFF’s commitment to learning from organizations driving meaningful change, deepening our understanding of the impact they aim to achieve, and exploring how we can translate those insights into our own work and communities. Here are some of the highlights from each of the day’s speakers.

Matt Gillin, Relay Network
Matt discussed his journey as an entrepreneur, from his family’s influence to founding two successful companies. He emphasized the importance of believing in your mission, staying agile, and harnessing artificial intelligence (AI) to amplify — not replace — human potential. Matt described AI as a platform shift unlike any we’ve seen before and reminded us that while the greatest risk may be not deploying AI fast enough, it’s ultimately human creativity and curiosity that move organizations forward.

Kerry Woodward, Philadelphia Financial Scholars
Kerry spoke about expanding access to personal finance education for Philadelphia students by equipping educators and bringing practical, classroom-ready resources to schools. She also highlighted the PFS Summer Experienceship, which provides students with real-world exposure, skill-building, and mentorship across local organizations, helping them grow financial confidence and envision pathways into future careers.

Keith Palmer, Travis Manion Foundation
Keith shared powerful lessons on leadership and teamwork drawn from his service in the Marine Corps and his work supporting veterans and families of the fallen and mentoring young people. He reminded us that effective leadership starts with “mission first, people always” — an understanding that you can’t accomplish the mission without investing in your people. Anchored in the Foundation’s guiding principle, “If Not Me, Then Who…,” Keith spoke about the importance of mentorship, community engagement, and collaboration as the true drivers of meaningful leadership and impact.

Oliver Bass, Natural Lands Trust
Oliver shared reflections from his 28-year career at Natural Lands Trust, highlighting how the organization’s endowment provides the financial stability needed to pursue mission-critical work — from protecting open spaces and managing development pressures to restoring wildlife habitats. He spoke about how the nature of conservation challenges has evolved, even as the organization’s purpose remains constant, and emphasized that strong financial partnerships make it possible to achieve long-term environmental impact.

A Commitment to Promoting Exchange

Impact Day is born out of one of TIFF’s most fundamental beliefs: that continual learning and open exchange strengthen how we serve our clients. By embracing broad perspectives, we challenge ourselves to think more creatively and to deepen our impact on the communities and missions we support. We’re grateful to each of the speakers for their insightful stories and contributions.

The materials are being provided for informational purposes only and constitute neither an offer to sell nor a solicitation of an offer to buy securities. These materials also do not constitute an offer or advertisement of TIFF’s investment advisory services or investment, legal or tax advice. Opinions expressed herein are those of TIFF and are not a recommendation to buy or sell any securities.

These materials may contain forward-looking statements relating to future events. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” or “continue,” the negative of such terms or other comparable terminology. Although TIFF believes the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, future results cannot be guaranteed.

Artificial Intelligence is transforming how nonprofits operate, communicate, and deliver services.

According to The State of AI in Nonprofits 2025 report by Tech Soup and Tapp Network, “85% of nonprofits have a high interest in tools like Generative AI and Predictive Analysis.” Adoption, however, is uneven. While many leaders see its potential, many organizations lack the staffing, funding, or policies necessary for thoughtful AI adoption.

Consider these realities, from The State of AI in Nonprofits 2025 report:

• 76% of nonprofits do not have an AI strategy
• 42% of nonprofits have one to two staff learning to use AI
• 43% of nonprofits rely on one staff member to make IT and AI decisions
• 80% of organizations do not have an AI-acceptable use policy

If this sounds familiar, you are not alone.

Join us on Wednesday, November 19 from 12:00 – 12:40 PM EST for the webinar, How to Adopt AI in Your Nonprofit with Real-World Lessons. Anne Duggan, Managing Director, Client CIO Group at TIFF will be joined by Ebonie Johnson Cooper, Faculty Director, Nonprofit Executive Education & Training, The Do Good Institute at the University of Maryland, Remy Reya, Director of AI & Thought Leadership of Compass Pro Bono, and Beverly Ross, Program Director, Compass Pro Bono. Drawing on the real experience of Compass Pro Bono’s own AI journey, you will learn what worked, what didn’t, and key insights to apply to your organization. With an emphasis on change management, this webinar will appeal to early adopters and skeptics alike.

This session will help you:

• Identify where AI can have the greatest impact in your operations
• Ask the right strategic questions to guide your team
• Build a roadmap that empowers your staff

Register today to take a proactive and responsible approach to integrating AI into your organization.

The materials are being provided for informational purposes only and constitute neither an offer to sell nor a solicitation of an offer to buy securities. These materials also do not constitute an offer or advertisement of TIFF’s investment advisory services or investment, legal or tax advice. Opinions expressed herein are those of TIFF and are not a recommendation to buy or sell any securities.

These materials may contain forward-looking statements relating to future events. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” or “continue,” the negative of such terms or other comparable terminology. Although TIFF believes the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, future results cannot be guaranteed.

October is when the biggest university endowments − those with over $1B − share their annual investment results. From these early reports, we can glean what performance drivers we will see, ahead of the full NACUBO-Commonfund Study of Endowments, which comes out in February 2026.

The average return of $1B+ university and college endowments that publicly announce is 11.5% vs. 12.7% for the 65% MSCI ACWI / 35% Bloomberg Agg. This represents the second consecutive year of double-digit gains, following an 11.2% average 1-year performance for all institutions in FY24, per the NACUBO-Commonfund Study of Endowments. However, the trends of what drove performance have shifted in FY25.

FY25 Endowment Returns

What is driving the returns?

1. A return to long-term trends: top-performing endowments have large private equity allocations. Certain sub-asset classes like growth or pre-IPO private equity outperformed. Broadly, the return spread between the allocations appears to be narrowing with private equity and venture posting high single digit/low double digit returns vs. 15.2% for the S&P 500, a spread of only 300-500bp.
2. Strong absolute returns in an unusual year where both equities and bonds contributed positive returns. Both risk and diversifying assets performed well, highlighting broad macro and economic concerns despite strong equity returns.
3. AI continues to drive equity markets. Portfolios with exposure to AI-related themes like Nvidia outperformed.
4. Return of international performance. FY25 made the case for international diversification in equities, with MSCI ACWI ex US (17.7%) outperforming the S&P 500 (15.2%).
5. Broad performance in diversifying assets, including gold. Investors looked for and received performance in a swath of uncorrelated asset classes, including gold, hedge funds and traditional fixed income.

Finally, the Endowment Tax is coming. Multiple private universities commented on the forthcoming increase in tax rate in their FY25 annual reports and endowment return press releases. The increase in the Endowment Tax rates goes into effect for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2025. For institutions with a fiscal year end of June 30, this means the new tax rate would apply starting July 1, 2026.

FY25 Asset Class Returns

How did individual endowments do?

When looking at individual returns, the Ivy League and other renowned private endowments returned slightly above the total group. The top three returns came from public universities, with University of Wisconsin-Madison the highest FY25 performer with 16.2%.

FY25 Returns Publicly Announced

Case study: private allocation of top performers

Looking at top performers’ asset allocation, it’s clear that the two-year trend of large private allocations being a detractor has come to a conclusion. Among the top performers that publicly release their asset allocation, each had approximately one-third or greater invested in private equity. A standout example on the strength in late-stage venture/growth is University of Michigan, which returned 15.5%. University of Michigan states that 28% of its portfolio is in venture capital with an additional 9% in private equity.

FY25 Top Returners Private Allocation

The materials are being provided for informational purposes only and constitute neither an offer to sell nor a solicitation of an offer to buy securities. These materials also do not constitute an offer or advertisement of TIFF’s investment advisory services or investment, legal or tax advice. Opinions expressed herein are those of TIFF and are not a recommendation to buy or sell any securities.

These materials may contain forward-looking statements relating to future events. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” or “continue,” the negative of such terms or other comparable terminology. Although TIFF believes the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, future results cannot be guaranteed.

Executive Summary

• Economic uncertainty has resulted in an extremely strong year for gold, with the precious metal rallying ~30% as of early September
• As investors look for safe havens, a discussion has emerged about whether cryptocurrency—specifically bitcoin—could become “the new gold”
• While bitcoin has not yet achieved the safe-haven status gold enjoys, with time and continued acceptance, it could come to serve a similar role in financial markets
• There are several similarities between bitcoin and gold, including their scarcity and their role as stores of value. Despite the similarities, however, bitcoin lacks the legitimacy of gold’s 5,000-year history
• TIFF is cautiously optimistic about crypto’s future and has made small investments to capitalize on innovation in the space

So far, 2025 has been a year of uncertainty. Investors wait anxiously on news of potential tariffs, geopolitical risk remains elevated, and the market swings with each new announcement. It is not surprising, then, that investors are seeking safe havens such as gold. Gold has had a phenomenal year, returning over 30% as of early September. The last time gold saw gains of this magnitude was 15 years ago in 20101. Unlike 2010, however, investors are starting to see another potential safe haven to weather turbulent markets: cryptocurrencies.

It’s important to take a brief step back. Saying that cryptocurrency could be a safe-haven asset is too broad a statement. The crypto universe is incredibly diverse, with different cryptos serving distinct purposes and deriving value in different ways. For example, a stablecoin is different than a utility token. To be more specific, let’s focus primarily on bitcoin. Originally designed to function much like a currency, bitcoin is now the most widely accepted crypto asset, accounting for more than 55% of the total crypto market cap2. Given its primary use case as a store of value and its dominance in the market, we will focus the remainder of this paper on the comparison between gold and bitcoin.

Many have speculated whether bitcoin is or will become the new gold, gradually overtaking the precious metal as the premier safe haven. While it has not yet achieved the safe-haven status that gold enjoys, with time and continued acceptance, bitcoin could come to serve a similar role in financial markets.

Two Sides of the Same Coin

Why has the comparison between these assets been drawn? While there are notable differences between the two, gold and bitcoin share several similarities, beginning with scarcity.

Gold is unique among many major commodities in that it is not typically consumed. While it can be used in items like batteries, producers often substitute other metals due to gold’s high cost. Its supply also grows very slowly. A report from Goldman Sachs states that “new annual production adds just over 1% to the existing stock and is stable and price inelastic.”3 As a result, when demand grows, it is difficult (if not impossible) to quickly increase supply, as producers might with oil, to meet the increase in demand. This constraint ultimately helps drive up gold’s value.

Bitcoin is similar. It has a fixed supply, with the final bitcoin projected to be mined by 2140. In fact, bitcoin’s scarcity is now even greater than gold’s, as measured by its stock-to-flow ratio (the existing supply relative to annual production). In April 2024, bitcoin surpassed gold as the asset with the highest stock-to-flow ratio among liquid and easily tradable assets4.

One of the most important similarities is that both gold and bitcoin function as stores of value, meaning they are expected to preserve their worth over time. This quality is especially important for any asset to be considered a safe-haven. Investors seek assets they believe will protect their wealth during times of uncertainty. Gold acquired this characteristic because it was discovered to be both scarce and durable. Bitcoin, by contrast, was deliberately created as a store of value. Ultimately, however, both rely on shared trust to sustain their worth.

The Test of Time

It is in this need for “buy-in” and belief that we begin to see the key difference between bitcoin and gold. Gold has been considered a source of wealth for 5,000 years. The U.S. once operated under a literal “gold standard,” and even though that ended more than 50 years ago, the term still signifies the highest level of quality. There is no dispute that gold is valuable and will continue to be into the future. Bitcoin, by contrast, lacks that legacy.

This difference is reflected in the respective volatility of the two assets. Gold has a long-term volatility of approximately 15%. Bitcoin’s volatility, meanwhile, has decreased as it has gained greater legitimacy, but over the past five years it has still averaged approximately 40%—more than twice that of public equities. That level of volatility is hardly consistent with what one would expect from an asset used predominantly as a safe haven!

The good news for bitcoin is that it shouldn’t take 5,000 years for it to achieve the same level of legitimacy as gold. Adoption of new technologies and innovations occurs far more quickly now than in the past. As the number of bitcoin investors continues to grow, and if regulation remains favorable, bitcoin may begin to behave more like gold.

There are risks, however, that could change bitcoin’s trajectory. One of the most prominent is the advancement of quantum computing. This poses a significant risk to any digital technology that relies on the difficulty of prime number factorization. In theory, quantum computers can factor huge numbers exponentially faster than classical computers, which could render bitcoin’s mining methods obsolete.

Bitcoin miners and developers are aware of these risks, and upgrades could be implemented to mitigate quantum threats. Another risk is the possibility that a different store-of-value cryptocurrency could eventually supplant bitcoin. As the first cryptocurrency, bitcoin certainly holds a significant edge, but technological advances, regulatory shifts, or investor sentiment could change that.

Positioned for Possibility

Uncertainty notwithstanding, there may be growing validity in the idea that bitcoin is the new gold”—or that it could be in the future. The similarities between gold and bitcoin are evident. What bitcoin still lacks is the confidence in its value that gold has earned over centuries. With time, however, that confidence could still come.

In the interim, we at TIFF still believe it is prudent to have at least a small exposure to crypto in our portfolios. We do this through limited allocations to a relative value crypto strategy, a broad-based liquid crypto index fund, and a crypto-oriented VC strategy. Though the position is small, we believe meaningful innovation will emerge from the crypto ecosystem that ultimately drives genuine value. While we may not yet know what form that value will take, we are confident that when the opportunity becomes clear, we will be well positioned to capture it.

If you have a question about cryptocurrency, gold, or how TIFF can help you manage your portfolio through uncertain times more broadly, please do not hesitate to reach out.

The materials are being provided for informational purposes only and constitute neither an offer to sell nor a solicitation of an offer to buy securities. These materials also do not constitute an offer or advertisement of TIFF’s investment advisory services or investment, legal or tax advice. Opinions expressed herein are those of TIFF and are not a recommendation to buy or sell any securities.

These materials may contain forward-looking statements relating to future events. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” or “continue,” the negative of such terms or other comparable terminology. Although TIFF believes the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, future results cannot be guaranteed.